Thursday, February 14, 2013

US legal scholar Ronald Dworkin dies in UK aged 81

(AP) ? The American philosopher and constitutional law expert Ronald Dworkin has died at the age of 81.

Dworkin's family says he died early Thursday in London of leukemia.

Dworkin was a professor of law at New York University and emeritus professor at University College London.

He was best known for articulating the principle that the most important virtue the law can display is integrity ? understood as the moral idea that the state should act on principle so each member of the community is treated as an equal.

A frequent contributor to the New York Review of Books, Dworkin's books included "A Matter of Principle," ''Law's Empire," and "Justice for Hedgehogs."

He is survived by his wife Irene Brendel Dworkin, his children Anthony and Jennifer Dworkin and two grandchildren.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-02-14-Britain-Obit-Dworkin/id-2d4c804f5a4c4ab1a92829aa5d3921b0

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The Internship Trailer: Owen Wilson and Vince Vaughn Fight For Google Jobs

The Internship

TRAILER

(20th Century Fox)

Owen Wilson and Vince Vaughn star in The Internship as older interns forced to compete for highly competitive jobs at Google.

It?s like Wedding Crashers but with programmers instead of bridesmaids.

Rose Byrne, John Goodman, and Max Minghella co-star.

The movie opens in June.

Check out the trailer below!

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WATCH:

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Source: http://www.gossipcop.com/the-internship-trailer-owen-wilson-vince-vaughn-movie-google/

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Wednesday, February 13, 2013

PAINTER on GOLF: Talking a good game tougher than playing it

John Huh, second from right, is congratulated by, from left, D.H. Lee, Kevin Na and K.J. Choi. (Michael Owen Baker/Staff Photographer)

John Huh was so nervous Tuesday he could remember only one other time in his life that was more nerve-wracking.

He was at Riviera Country Club for a practice round at the Northern Trust Open, where he's playing for the first time in his young career.

Huh, who played high school golf at Crescenta Valley, didn't even have a club in his hands. He was clutching a podium in a ballroom at Riviera and talking to a room of Korean-American dignitaries, six Korean professional golfers and reporters after accepting the crystal trophy for being named PGA Tour Rookie of the Year.

"It was my dream to be on the PGA Tour," Huh said. "It's such an honor and privilege. It's hard to describe (my feelings) when it was announced. Here I am with the trophy and all the media in front of me.

"It's a thrill and dream to be here. I can say I'm a lucky guy in the world."

Winning an eight-hole, two-man playoff at the Mayakoba Classic in Mexico over Robert Allenby for his first tour victory was nothing compared to this.

"That was 50-50. The odds were good," Huh said with a smile and shrug of his shoulders.

Speaking in front of people is more daunting than anything. His acceptance speech was short and sweet and charming. He was battling dry mouth.

"That's the second-most nervous situation I've ever been," Huh said. "The first was at the BMW. I had to play good that week."

The BMW Championship is part of the FedEx Cup playoff

system, and he's the first rookie to play in all four playoff events. He won $2.8 million last year, bought his parents their first home and he and his family moved to Dallas. There was no "I" in the rookie award for Huh when he called his father to tell him the good news.

"I said, `We did it,"' Huh recalled. "It wasn't me. The whole family did it. That was big for us. It was a great honor. They felt proud of what I've done and what we've done so far."

Huh has done well in pressure situations inside the ropes, which is a good thing considering his career choice.

"I'm a really easygoing guy," he said. "I try not to get too serious. But once you're there you can't get too serious. It's working pretty good.

"I think there's two nerves, one where you can still enjoy it and one where you can't handle it."

What a difference a year makes. Huh now wears logos of companies in the U.S. in addition to his Korean partners. He has status to play at Riviera this week and committed so early he was featured in Korean print advertisements for the event that is a hit in the Korean community. People know him, too.

"I feel comfortable here," Huh said. "I feel I belong. I still have that nerve when I stand next to Tiger and Ernie (Els). Those are the guys I looked up to. That's just a thing I have to get over with.

"It's exciting every time I saw them on the range or putting green."

Folks now are recognizing Huh, whose name rhymes with duh. Many fans have the hang of it, but not everyone.

"Sometimes the guy who announces on the first tee screwed that one (up), but it's the moment I really enjoy `cause it's an interesting last name," Huh said. "I don't mind at all."

Huh played at Riviera in the offseason for the first time. In April, he'll play in his first Masters.

His rise to the top has been fast and furious. The 22-year-old who was born in Korea and moved from Chicago to Los Angeles to play golf wasn't even the best golfer on his high school team. After he didn't have enough core classes to use his scholarship to Cal State Northridge, he left for the Korean Tour. He played there three years, won once and met K.J. Choi.

"He's the one who's inspired the Koreans, especially me," Huh said of Choi. "Thanks to K.J., Kevin Na, Charlie Wi and those guys here before me. They're the ones who opened the path and inspire all of us players.

"Hopefully, I'll be one of them who can open the path for those who are coming here soon."

Choi, Na, Wi, D.H. Lee and Sang-Moon Bae were on hand Tuesday to congratulate Huh.

He'll play in today's pro-am along with two-time champ Phil Mickelson, Fred Couples and other big names. He's already carded a second-round 63 at the Sony Open this year but wants more.

"My expectations will be higher than last year," Huh said. "Still, I want to play consistently and in order to do that you have to drive well, manage your game well and have fun out there.

"That's big for me. That's why I enjoy the game."

Enjoying public speaking might not happen, but he's got the playing-well-under-pressure thing down.

Tiger Woods bypasses Riviera again for Arizona, Florida

Tiger Woods isn't playing in this week's Northern Trust Open, but he committed to three other tournaments as players settled in at Riviera Country Club for the week.

Woods committed to next week's World Golf Championships-Accenture Match Play Championship at Marana, Ariz., the Honda Classic at PGA National Champion Course and the World Golf Championships-Cadillac Championship at TPC Blue Monster at Doral in Miami. The latter two tournaments are in Florida, where Woods lives.

"I'm excited to be playing in the Honda Classic again," Woods said. "It's a really good tournament, and it does a lot for the community. I like the golf course, and I came pretty close last year.

"It's part of a busy stretch for me, and I want to continue playing well."

Woods hasn't played here since 2006, despite tournament organizers' attempts to lure him back to the event that gave him his first sponsor exemption as a 16-year-old amateur.

Woods is 0 for 11 at the Northern Trust Open, including two appearances as an amateur. It's the most times he's played an event without winning. He's played well here, but seemingly always had one bad round that made this title elusive for him.

He has four top-10 finishes here and never finished worse than a tie for 20 th. The last time he played seven years ago, he withdrew because he was sick.

Woods put the Honda Classic and Farmers Insurance Open back on his schedule but has yet to add the Northern Trust Open again.

Jerry West, the Northern Trust Open's excecutive director, has made it a priority to convince Woods to return to the event, but it hasn't happened yet despite his efforts. He even played in Woods' World Challenge pro-am this year via his role with the tournament.

West has known Woods for about two decades.

Even without Woods, the tournament has big names, including fan favorites Phil Mickelson and Fred Couples. The tournament also features three of last year's four major winners - Bubba Watson (Masters), Webb Simpson (U.S. Open) and Ernie Els (British Open).

ETC.

World No. 4 Brandt Snedeker withdrew from the Match Play Championship on Tuesday because of sore ribs that have been causing him discomfort despite his torrid stretch of golf. He won the Pebble Beach National Pro-Am on Sunday. ... Patrick Cantlay, the former UCLA golfer, finished tied for ninth last week at AT&T Pebble Beach Pro-Am but still had to use his sponsor's exemption to play the Northern Trust Open. Golfers who finish in the top-10 are automatically entered into the next week's event unless PGA Tour regulars account for all of the tournament's spots. That happened this week as the Northern Trust Open is one of the mostpopular events for the world's best players. It's disappointing only in that players are limited to seven sponsor's exemptions per year, and he's already using his fourth. Cantlay has conditional status on the Web.com Tour this year ... Eighteen of the top 30-ranked golfers in the world and 25 of the top 50 are in the event ... Fred Couples will make his 31 st start this week. He's scheduled to play twice on the PGA Tour this year, here and at the Masters. He has surpassed Gene Littler for most starts in tournament history. He's won twice and has a total of 14 top-10 finishes.

Source: http://www.dailybreeze.com/sports/ci_22578879/painter-golf-talking-good-game-tougher-than-playing?source=rss

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Friday, February 8, 2013

'Doctor Who''s Matt Smith Joins Ryan Gosling's Directorial Debut

Ryan Gosling's directorial debut "How To Catch A Monster" is acquiring quite a fan-favorite cast. In addition to "Mad Men" star Christina Hendricks, the upcoming flick is said to have gained "Doctor Who" lead Matt Smith. Variety has the news, saying that Gosling's girlfriend Eva Mendes also has a role in the movie. Smith will [...]

Source: http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2013/02/07/matt-smith-ryan-gosling-directorial-debut/

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Robotics make self-service business easier than ever | Greenbang

The Singularity is coming. Or is it the Terminator? Or maybe, at long last, we?re on our way to Jetsons-style, automation, where Rosie the Robot handles all the drudgery, freeing up humans to enjoy the good and easy life.

It?s hard lately not to notice the proliferation of ?rise of the robots?-type news articles and commentaries hinting at one of these potential futures. Nobel-winning economist Paul Krugman has tackled the subject. The New York Times has described how robots can now pack lettuce for shipping faster than two to five humans. Energy writer Gregor Macdonald warns against heeding the robot?s ?siren song.? Time magazine dedicates a cover to the increasingly busy robot of the skies, the drone. And the Atlantic leaves hanging the question, ?What happens to millions of low-skilled workers when machines can do their jobs faster, quicker and more cheaply??

Meanwhile, smart-city visionaries typically picture plenty of self-service technologies making life better, easier and more efficient for urban citizens of the near-future. Streetline, for example, is helping commuters in cities like Jacksonville, Florida, find available car parking using their cellphones. Datalogic?s LaneHawk makes sure shoppers don?t walk out without paying for everything they buy. And public libraries are experimenting with all sorts of self-service technologies to draw in patrons and possibly add new sources of revenue.

Who?s who in robotics and self-service technologies

Following are just a few of the many companies offering advanced, IT-enabled self-service and robotic technologies for businesses, governments, educational institutions and other organizations:

Kiva Systems ? This is the system that Amazon finds so promising for warehouse order fulfillment that it actually bought the company. Kiva Systems? robotic drive units respond to each separate order and bring mobile inventory pods to human workers who then help fulfill each order.

Nuance Communications ? The Massachusetts-headquartered Nuance Communications provides ?voice and language solutions? that include the Nina Virtual Assistant. Designed for mobile customer service, Nina now delivers speech-based virtual assistant and self-service customer service capabilities in 38 languages.

Parabit ? Based in New York state, Parabit provides such self-service technologies as visitor management kiosks (with options for web-based pre-registration and access control integration) and wayfinding kiosks for schools.

Parrot ? Parrot?s AR.Drone 2.0 is not only affordably priced ($200 to $300) for the average tech-loving consumer, but is being touted as a potential tool for movie-makers, emergency responders, urban planners and mine developers, among others.

Robofusion ? What better use for robotic kiosks could there be than ? selling four-layer frozen yogurt and five-layer ice cream treats without human employees? It might not be the top-priority technology for tomorrow?s smart cities, but Robofusion?s kiosks ? as the South Carolina-based company notes ? offers the benefit of being able to ?operate 24/7 with no full-time staff. They only need to be serviced when restocked and started in the morning.?

Universal Robots ? Based in Denmark, Universal Robots makes lightweight ?collaborative? robots that are designed to be deployed quickly and work alongside human employees in automated production processes.

Wincor Nixdorf ? The German company focuses on technologies for ?consumer-facing operations,? especially for banking and retail operations. Among its products are reverse vending machines for recyclables, self-service postal terminals and self-service fast-food ordering and payment terminals.

Source: http://www.greenbang.com/robotics-make-self-service-business-easier-than-ever_22484.html

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Tuesday, February 5, 2013

Sustainable ?green? energy, consumers and industrial real estate ...

Guest column By Terry Lynch, senior associate, Paine/Wetzel/TCN Worldwide

Terry Lynch

Where is the connection between the green energy movement and industrial real estate?? Next time you?re in a grocery store, investigate some of the consumer products in the ?home care products? shelf.? It won?t take long to determine which labels highlight products that utilize green energy as part of their manufacturing process.? A couple of decades ago highlighting ?No CFCs? was important because of ozone concerns. Now labels are highlighting products that are manufactured in facilities with renewable energy.

The reason this is so becoming popular at the point of purchase is that Americans want companies to ?go green?. In a 2011 consumer survey titled ?The Green Gauge,? commissioned by SC Johnson and GfK Roper Consulting, 74 percent of respondents agreed with the statement, ?A manufacturer that reduces the environmental impact of its production process and products is making a smart business decision.?? In addition, 28 percent of those surveyed buy green products.

Consumer-product and other manufacturers understand going green can create a competitive advantage for their products.? But when a company is looking to capitalize on the green energy movement for its industry, where does it begin?

Renewable electricity can be purchased directly from the utility company in some regulated electricity markets.? Consumers can pay a small premium for electricity generated by green power resources that are transferred to the grid.? In Illinois, as more municipalities are electing to buy power from suppliers other than ComEd, renewable electricity developers are losing faith since Illinois? largest utilities (and customer base) are losing both municipalities and households rapidly. This volatility creates an uncertain market for providers of green energy, and some have given up on Illinois altogether.

Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) are tradable instruments (certificates), that represent proof that one megawatt-hour (MWh) of electricity was generated from an eligible renewable energy source.? RECs have no geographic constraints, and therefore are not tied to the local utility.? RECs represent the environmental attribute of the power produced from renewable energy projects, which can be sold separately from the electricity, and the owner of the REC can claim to have purchased renewable energy.? Once an organization makes a claim, that REC cannot be re-sold.? A manufacturer can conveniently tap into renewable energy markets by purchasing RECs that represent credits., for example 1 MWh generated by a wind farm in Colorado for its factory in Illinois.? While this approach is convenient and requires no upfront capital, it does not hedge against energy price volatility nor provide a visible monument to reducing their impact on the environment.

On-site Renewable Energy Generation are systems installed at a facility to provide renewable energy.? The three main options are solar panels, wind turbines, and co-generation (co-gen) plants.? Solar panels and wind turbines are well known and self explanatory, however co-gen plants are a lesser known green-energy source that has been successfully utilized by local as well as national companies.? Co-Generation is the process by which a single fuel source, such as methane gas captured from a nearby landfill, is used to produce both electrical and thermal energy.

In South Carolina, BMW sources methane from a landfill 9.5 miles away, and pipes it into its co-gen plant to serve electrical and thermal needs of its manufacturing facility.? On-site renewable generation provides a hedge against energy price volatility and provides a visible demonstration to environmental concerns.? Some companies utilize this highly visible process to show their commitment to sustainability in their product marketing.? Johnson & Johnson and SC Johnson highlight their co-gen-powered facilities in a series of commercials, and reinforce it on their product packaging.? Some obstacles to co-gen systems are a tremendous capital commitment for implementation and operation, lengthy lead time for installation and geographical and real estate constraints (e.g., no land for wind turbines or not located near a landfill for methane).

What if a company wants to connect into the green energy movement and believes on-site renewable generation is the best approach for their organization but does not have the capital, time or real estate to utilize this approach?

Locally, the solution and connection between the green energy movement and industrial real estate is located in Grayslake, Ill? Paine/Wetzel Associates is marketing the Grayslake Business Park, which has 65 acres available for development, and features one of the largest independently operated co-generation plants in North America.? This scalable 8MW facility currently provides electricity to the grid and potentially future park tenants.? It could also provide heat for future park tenants, or steam if that is required in a future tenant?s manufacturing process.

The Grayslake Business Park can provide pad-ready sites for development with an on-site sustainable energy source, with no up-front capital or lead time.

Terry Lynch is a senior associate with Chicago-based Paine/Wetzel/TCN Worldwide. You can reach him at 773-714-2142.

Tags | Chicago, Illinois, Paine/Wetzel/TCN Worldwide, Terry Lynch

? 2013 Real Estate Communications Group. Duplication or reproduction of this article not permitted without authorization from the Real Estate Publishing Group. For information on reprint or electronic pdf of this article contact Mark Menzies at 312-644-4610 or menzies@rejournals.com

Source: http://www.rejournals.com/2013/02/04/sustainable-green-energy-consumers-and-industrial-real-estate/

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Monday, February 4, 2013

Two Heads Are Better Than One For Brain-Computer Interfaces

9 Two are better than one,
because they have a good return for their labor:
10 If either of them falls down,
one can help the other up.
But pity anyone who falls
and has no one to help them up.
11 Also, if two lie down together, they will keep warm.
But how can one keep warm alone?
12 Though one may be overpowered,
two can defend themselves.
A cord of three strands is not quickly broken.

Source: http://rss.slashdot.org/~r/Slashdot/slashdotScience/~3/H_9NBZE9-Bo/story01.htm

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Sunday, February 3, 2013

Dynegy power plant blown up in southern California

CHULA VISTA, California (Reuters) - Thousands of spectators turned out along San Diego Bay on Saturday to watch as demolition crews consigned an aging and decommissioned Dynegy Inc power plant to the dustbin of history.

Forty rapid-fire blasts from strategically placed explosives toppled the 165-foot structure, as onlookers cheered and shock waves set off car alarms across a widespread area.

Most of the estimated 5,000 spectators gathered in Marina View Park in Chula Vista, about 1,000-feet north of the plant, for the early morning spectacle.

Often criticized by environmentalists as an eyesore, the plant was built in the late 1950s at the edge of an expanse of wetlands adjacent to the bay.

Like other plants along the California Coast, it burned oil when it was first fired up in 1960. It later converted to natural gas, according to Laura Hunter of the Environmental Health Coalition.

"This is a symbol of the past way of generating power which we know now is not sustainable," Hunter said. "There's no better symbol for what we're learning about how to live on this planet than that where a power plant stood, a park and open space will be built," she said.

It took several years of planning before officials could move ahead with the final demolition of the plant, according to Kristine Zortman, of the Unified Port of San Diego.

Apart from a slow-going permit process, the facility had to be stripped of asbestos and metal that could be recycled. Engineers also needed to weaken the structure to ensure that it would fall easily, Zortman said.

The demolition crew placed 200 pounds of detonating explosives and 300 pounds of dynamite throughout the structure. Before the blasts, eight water cannons filled the air with mist so dust would be trapped in condensation and fall to the ground, she said.

The detonations sent shock waves as far as half a mile away as the four towers toppled, leaving smokestacks sticking up at a rakish angle.

The city of Chula Vista has big plans for the site - including a hotel and convention center, with an adjoining site for campers and recreational vehicles, said Mayor Cheryl Cox.

"It wasn't always an ugly, useless object," Cox said. "It employed thousands of good people and delivered important energy to our communities. But it's good to see it go and make way for the future of our bayfront."

(Reporting by Marty Graham; Editing by Tom Brown and Gunna Dickson)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/dynegy-power-plant-blown-southern-california-210139009--finance.html

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Russia commemorates pivotal Battle of Stalingrad

VOLGOGRAD, Russia (Reuters) - The city of Volgograd re-adopted its old name of Stalingrad for a few hours on Saturday as Russia commemorated the 70th anniversary of the epic battle that turned the tide of World War Two.

The victory in the six-month Battle of Stalingrad, which killed about 2 million people, is a symbol of national pride that has produced an outburst of patriotic fervor and, for some, nostalgia for the Soviet era and dictator Josef Stalin.

President Vladimir Putin flew to Volgograd, which was known as Stalingrad from 1925 until 1961. He laid a wreath and met veterans after a military parade led by soldiers in World War Two uniforms and featuring a wartime T-34 tank.

"I saw cities in Europe that were practically untouched by the war, countries that capitulated to the more powerful enemies even before war was declared," First Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin said in a speech at the parade.

"But we are not like that. Our grandfathers, our fathers, our older generation, our great leaders, fought here for each building, for each street."

Hundreds of war veterans turned up for the parade on Volgograd's central Square of the Fallen Fighters, their coats weighed down by medals, the youngest of them now 89.

After Stalingrad, Soviet troops fought their way westward to Berlin, sweeping into the German capital 27 months later.

For many of the veterans, the ceremony was bittersweet as they had lost so many comrades-in-arms and loved ones.

"It's very important to remember this battle," said Valentina Olekhina, who was celebrating her 70th birthday.

She was born in Stalingrad on February 2, 1943, the day German Field Marshal Friedrich Paulus told his forces to cease fire after he was captured in a cellar by Soviet troops.

"I think my mother went into labor out of relief or excitement. I was born outside but I don't know exactly where," she told Reuters.

SURGE OF PATRIOTISM

Putin did not attend the parade but flew to the city, 900 km (600 miles) south of Moscow, after holding a reception for veterans in the Kremlin on Friday.

He hopes to tap a vein of sentiment that harks back not only to before the 1991 collapse of Moscow's Soviet empire but to a dictator disowned as a genocidal tyrant even by his Communist heirs. For all Stalin's crimes, defeating Adolf Hitler is a source of immense pride in a country seeking a new identity.

"Using this example we have to consolidate our society and our country. And we will do it," Putin told the veterans and young activists in a war museum in Volgograd.

"Historical knowledge is very essential from the point of view of preserving our statehood... Patriotism is the love for the motherland. Without it, this love will just melt as a piece of sugar in this tea," Putin said while drinking tea.

Under a decision by the city council intended to please the veterans, Volgograd was referred to as Stalingrad at the official events. Admirers of Stalin posted his portrait in minibuses - a move not approved by the authorities.

For 200 days, Germans and Russians fought hand to hand, street by street and from room to room, battling subzero winter cold, snow and sometimes starvation too.

Russian historians say 40,000 people were killed on the day of fiercest bombing and at the height of combat the average survival time of Soviet soldiers sent into battle was 24 hours.

Hitler had seen capturing Stalingrad as a prize that would sap Soviet morale, partly because of its symbolic name, and help secure control of oilfields in the Caucasus to fuel his army.

The city was called Tsaritsyn before the Bolshevik Russian revolution of 1917. Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev launched a campaign of "de-Stalinisation" after Stalin's death in 1953, easing political repression, erasing the late dictator's name and renaming the "hero city" as Volgograd.

Pride in the bravery of Soviet troops and the endurance of civilians trapped during the battle unites almost all Russians - at a time when many complain of big divisions in society.

Putin, in power for 13 years, is facing criticism over corruption and a lack of political freedoms. Memories of Stalingrad offer an opportunity to burnish his credentials as the man who restored the nation's glory after the economic chaos and conflicts of the first post-Soviet decade.

Russian television has repeatedly shown footage from wartime Stalingrad and broadcast films and documentaries about the battle. Even the crew of the orbiting International Space Station congratulated the war veterans.

"We will always be grateful for your heroic act. The memory of it will live on down the ages," cosmonaut Roman Romanenko said in video footage shown on Russian television.

(Writing by Vladimir Soldatkin and Timothy Heritage; editing by Mark Heinrich)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/russia-commemorates-pivotal-battle-stalingrad-131227541.html

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NPD: Apple tops Q4 US smartphone sales, Samsung a strong second place

Nothing super-shocking in this latest report from NPD -- not after seeing fairly similar numbers from Strategy Analytics not all that long ago, that is. According to the research group, Apple's leading the pack at 39-percent of US smartphone sales in the final quarter of last year -- that number's down from 41-percent this time last year. Bigger changes are afoot over at Samsung, however. The handset maker jumped from 21- to 30-percent from the same time last year, thanks in no small part to demand for the Galaxy S III. Go figure, NPD's top five list is dominated entirely by iPhone and Samsung Galaxy S iterations -- in fact, combined, the two manufacturers make up some 70-percent of sales. Motorola is in at a distant third, with seven-percent of sales, followed by HTC and LG, each at six-percent.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/02/01/npd-apple-samsung/

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The effective collective: Grouping could ensure animals find their way in a changing environment

The effective collective: Grouping could ensure animals find their way in a changing environment

Friday, February 1, 2013

For social animals such as schooling fish, the loss of their numbers to human activity could eventually threaten entire populations, according to a finding that such animals rely heavily on grouping to effectively navigate their environment.

Princeton University researchers report in the journal Science that collective intelligence is vital to certain animals' ability to evaluate and respond to their environment. Conducted on fish, the research demonstrated that small groups and individuals become disoriented in complex, changing environments. However, as group size is increased, the fish suddenly became highly responsive to their surroundings.

These results should prompt a close examination of how endangered group or herd animals are preserved and managed, said senior researcher Iain Couzin, a Princeton professor of ecology and evolutionary biology. If wild animals depend on collective intelligence for migration, breeding and locating essential resources, they could be imperiled by any activity that diminishes or divides the group, such as overhunting and habitat loss, he explained.

"Processes that increase group fragmentation or reduce population density may initially appear to have little influence, yet a further reduction in group size may suddenly and dramatically impact the capacity of a species to respond effectively to their environment," Couzin said. "If the mechanism we observed is found to be widespread, then we need to be aware of tipping points that could result in the sudden collapse of migratory species."

The work is among the first to experimentally explain the extent to which collective intelligence improves awareness of complex environments, the researchers write. Collective intelligence is an established advantage of groups, including humans. As it's understood, a group of individuals gain an advantage by pooling imperfect estimates with those around them, which more or less "averages" single experiences into surprisingly accurate common knowledge. For instance, the paper in Science cites a 1907 study that predicted with near precision the weight of an ox based on the estimates of 787 people.

With their work, Couzin and his coauthors uncovered an additional layer to understanding collective intelligence. The conventional view assumes that individual group members have some level of knowledge albeit incomplete. Yet the Princeton researchers found that in some cases individuals have no ability to estimate how a problem needs to be solved, while the group as a whole can find a solution through their social interactions. Moreover, they found that the more numerous the neighbors, the richer the individual ? and thus group ? knowledge is.

These findings correlate with recent research showing that collective intelligence ? even in humans ? can rely less on the intelligence of each group member than on the effectiveness of their communal interaction, Couzin said. In humans, research suggests that such cooperation would take the form of open and equal communication among individuals regardless of their respective smarts, he said.

The researchers placed fish known as golden shiners in experimental tanks in groups as low as one and as high as 256. The tanks featured a moving light field that was bright on the outer edges and tapered into a dark center. To reflect the changing nature of natural environments, they also incorporated small patches of darkness that moved around randomly. Prolific schoolers and enthusiasts of darkness, the golden shiners would pursue the shaded areas as the researchers recorded their movement using computer vision software. Although the fish sought the shade regardless of group size, their capability to do so increased dramatically once groups spanned a large enough area.

The researchers then tracked the motion of individual fish to gauge the role of social influence on their movement. They found that individuals adjusted their speed according to local light level by moving faster in more brightly lit areas, but without social influence the fish did not necessarily turn toward the darker regions. Groups, however, readily swam to dark areas and were able to track those preferred regions as they moved.

This collective sensing emerged due to the coherent nature of social interactions, the authors report. As one side of the group slowed and turned toward the shaded area, the other members did as well. Also, slowing down increased density and resulted in darker regions becoming more attractive to these social animals.

###

Princeton University: http://www.princeton.edu

Thanks to Princeton University for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/126585/The_effective_collective__Grouping_could_ensure_animals_find_their_way_in_a_changing_environment

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Americans would pay more to fund Social Security

By Allison Linn, TODAY

Most Americans think it?s important to preserve adequate Social Security benefits for younger generations ? and they may even be willing to pay more taxes to get that assurance, a new survey finds.

The survey, released Thursday by the nonprofit National Academy of Social Insurance, found that about eight in 10 Americans think it is critical to support Social Security even if it means that working Americans have to pay more in taxes. A slightly higher percentage of the 2,000 people surveyed said they think it?s critical to save Social Security even if wealthy people have to pay more.

But here?s the thing: Many Americans also want something in return.

The study found broad-based support among both younger and older Americans for a plan that would gradually increase the amount of payroll taxes everyone pays and also eliminate the cap on the amount of income that can be taxed for Social Security. In return, that plan would call for raising minimum benefits and increasing cost-of-living-adjustments.

The survey comes as many Americans are growing more worried about whether they will see any Social Security benefits at all. Under current government estimates, Social Security could face funding shortfalls in about two decades because the U.S. population is aging and generally living longer.

Experts say it?s not too surprising to find that older people are heavily in favor of retaining Social Security benefits even if it means paying more taxes, but it?s a little more surprising to find that younger Americans also seem to? support it generally.

Still, after five difficult years in which many people have struggled financially, many workers may see the allure of a plan that would give them some financial certainty late in life.

?Social Security wasn?t designed to be a sole major source of retirement income, but for many people who haven?t saved enough ? it certainly looks attractive,? said Alan Auerbach, director of the Robert D. Burch Center for Tax Policy and Public Finance at UC Berkeley.

Jasmine Tucker, income security research associate with the National Academy of Social Insurance, said she thinks the results show that people are willing to pay extra taxes for Social Security because they know that they will see a return on that investment later in life.

?People seem to be very resistant to raising any taxes, but I think Social Security is different,? she said.

Other studies have found support for raising taxes more narrowly on wealthy Americans to help fund Social Security. A Pew Research Center survey released in December found that 66 percent of Americans would support raising payroll taxes on high-income earners, while 55 percent would support reducing benefits for high-income seniors.

Related: Are you struggling in the suburbs? We want to hear from you.

Still, Auerbach ? who was not involved in the study ??noted that it?s one thing for people to say they would be willing to pay more taxes to help fund Social Security, and quite another for them to actually commit to a plan that would effectively shrink their current paycheck.

?Do people really know what this would mean in terms of their take-home pay? Have they really thought through what the implications are?? Auerbach asked.

Many Americans are seeing that real-world effect right now, because the end to the payroll tax holiday has resulted in an effective tax hike equal to about 2 percent of their wages. This survey was conducted in September, before the payroll tax holiday ended.

Critics also argue that it may not be feasible to fix Social Security?s funding woes just by raising taxes. Many other plans have called for a mix of raising taxes and reducing benefits either by curtailing cost-of-living adjustments or increasing the age at which people can get full benefits.

?There?s no attractive way to do this. There?s just a variety of less attractive ways,? said Andrew Biggs, resident scholar with the conservative-leaning American Enterprise Institute.

Biggs also argued that despite what the findings show, it would be difficult for politicians to garner support for a plan that involved raising taxes on all Americans.

?If this stuff was so popular, somebody would have proposed it by now,? he said.

It is clear that Americans are anxious for Congress and President Barack Obama to find some way to overhaul Social Security and other programs designed to help older Americans.

A Gallup poll?released just days after the 2012 presidential election found that nearly nine in 10 Americans thought it was important for? Obama to take major steps to ensure the long-term stability of Social Security and Medicare.?

Related: Yes, we can fix Social Security (but it won't be pretty)?

Would you pay more in taxes to help avoid a Social Security funding shortfall?

?

Source: http://lifeinc.today.com/_news/2013/02/01/16795417-americans-like-social-security-and-are-willing-to-pay-to-keep-it?lite

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Saturday, February 2, 2013

Economy generates modest number of jobs

The U.S. economy created a modest 157,000 jobs in January while the unemployment rate edged higher to 7.9 percent, consistent with a recovery that is just ambling along, at best.

The Labor Department's report Friday was about as expected, but despite its tepid results, it at least may dispel some worries about the economy after the poor showing in the fourth quarter.?

On Wednesday the government reported that the gross domestic product, the value of all goods and services produced by the nation, came to a standstill. Deep cuts in government spending and a big drawdown in inventories offset underlying strength in business and consumer spending.

?January's employment report should help to soothe any lingering concerns, after the negative GDP (data), that the U.S. economy is headed for a recession,? said Paul Ashworth, chief U.S. economist for Capital Economics.

The hiring picture over the past two years looked better after the department's annual revisions. Those showed employers added an average of roughly 180,000 jobs per month in 2012 and 2011, up from previous estimates of about 150,000. And hiring was stronger at the end of last year, averaging 200,000 new jobs in the final three months.

But the latest job numbers confirm what economists have been saying since the U.S. pulled out of one of the deepest recessions in a century: the pace of the recovery is too slow to make a big dent in the unemployment rate. Friday?s report showed the rate bumped up a tenth of a?point ? down from a peak of 10 percent in Oct. 2009.

Since then, the pace of job creation has been barely fast enough to keep up with population growth. More than four years after the recession ended, overall employment is still 3.1 million jobs lower than the peak reached in January 2008.

Until the pace of job creation picks up convincingly, the Federal Reserve will likely continue to buy roughly $85 billion of bonds each month to keep interest rates low and try to spur growth. That prospect has been helping push stocks near to new heights.

Central bank policy makers on Wednesday renewed their commitment to the easy-money policy, which they have pledged to keep in place until the jobless rate falls below 6.5 percent.

Forecasters say that, based on other reports on the economy?s strength, that target won?t be hit for at least another year.

?We haven?t seen anything in the data yet that suggests that job growth is about to pick up to an area that is satisfying to the Fed, said Julia Coronado, chief economist for North America at BNP Paribas.

?

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/business/economywatch/unemployment-rate-ticks-slightly-modest-number-jobs-created-1B8209090

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Friday, February 1, 2013

Deal of the Day: Seidio 3500mAh Extended Battery w/ NFC for Galaxy S3

Deal of the Day The Feb. 1 ShopAndroid.com Deal of the Day is the Seidio 3500mAh Extended Battery w/ NFC for Galaxy S3. Tired of running out of battery life when you need it the most? When you can’t get to an outlet, this high quality NFC battery will keep you moving forward all day. It utilizes a premium Japanese cell to ensure the highest level of safety and performance, offering up to 60% more battery life than your stock battery. Comes with a replacement battery door.

The Seidio 3500mAh Extended Battery w/ NFC is available for just $54.00, 28% off today only. Grab yours while supplies last!

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Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/androidcentral/~3/wevVtmc2-b4/story01.htm

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Legal piracy? Antigua gets OK to start selling copies of US hit movies, songs

The World Trade Organization ruled that the tiny island nation is entitled to suspend American intellectual property rights due to an ongoing trade dispute with the US.

By Ezra Fieser,?Correspondent / February 1, 2013

Sailboats can be seen at anchor in Nonsuch Bay, Antigua, in this file photo.

Alfredo Sosa/The Christian Science Monitor/File

Enlarge

Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

Antigua and Barbuda doesn?t normally rank among threats to United States interests. The twin-island nation?s population of 100,000 rivals that of Flint, Mich., and its $1 billion economy is about as much as New York City is spending to make infrastructure fixes like repairing bridges and filling potholes.

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Yet, when it comes to trade negotiations, the eastern Caribbean country is playing tough.

In what would be a first, the Antiguan government is threatening to suspend the intellectual property rights that protect the US music and film industries. It could then establish a website and sell hit songs and Hollywood blockbusters without paying royalties ? legally.

This week, the World Trade Organization said Antigua had the right to take the unprecedented step in an effort to force the US to abide by a previous trade ruling. The two countries have been locked in a trade dispute for the past decade since the US prohibited the use of offshore Internet gambling sites.

The US laws in question placed bans on bet-making across borders by way of the Internet. Those laws, which had disastrous effects on the Antiguan economy, violated trade rules, the WTO ruled.

The Antiguan government refuses to reveal the details of its retaliatory plan. Whatever the government does, ?we are not dealing with piracy or [intellectual property] theft,? says Colin Murdoch, Antigua?s ambassador at large. People close to the plan have long said the country intends to launch a website.

In various decisions handed down during the past 10 years, the WTO has consistently sided with Antigua. Yet, negotiators have failed to come to an agreement.

Now, Antigua is considering what it says is its only remaining option: going after popular films and music.

A bargaining chip?

An unlicensed Antiguan website might not be the boon to consumers that it seems.

US officials could still prosecute individuals for downloading songs illegally. What?s more, the Antiguan government would be limited to $21 million per year in sales to recuperate the money its economy lost when the gaming industry collapsed, according to the WTO decision.

The government says it has lost much more, placing the industry at $3.4 billion annually, according to what it says are independent estimates.

The US has lost at least two other trade rulings in which foreign countries have been allowed to suspend intellectual property rights. But those countries never did so.

?I would be surprised if [Antigua] actually incorporates a website. That would be really serious,? says Andrew Sellars, a fellow at Harvard University?s Berkman Center for Internet and Society.

Mr. Sellars believes that Antigua is trying to bring the US back to the table. The countries, otherwise close allies, have exchanged barbs over the issue.

Ngenke Harmon, a spokeswoman for the US Trade Representative, says that ?government-authorized piracy would undermine chances for a settlement. It also would serve as a major impediment to foreign investment in the Antiguan economy, particularly the high-tech industries.?

The International Intellectual Property Alliance, which represents US copyright holders, strikes a similar chord.

?Should Antigua determine to move forward in this manner, it would certainly interfere with the ability to reach a negotiated resolution, and would harm the interests of Antiguans,? said Steve Metalitz, counsel to the group, in a statement.

Antigua?s attorney in the negotiations, Mark Mendel, says that if the US backs away from negotiations, it would be ?cutting off its nose to spite its face."

?We?ve always been looking for employment.... As long as eight years ago we gave them proposals for limited remote gaming,? Mr. Mendel says, adding that the Antiguan government would consider US assistance on other industries as part of a settlement. ?Why don?t you just sit down and find something that you can do, some market you can open for us??

'It's about jobs'

Antiguan officials say they are not tied to the gambling issue. ?At the end of the day it?s about jobs,? Ambassador Murdoch says.

In the early 2000s, Internet gambling employed some 5 percent of the nation?s workforce and supported hundreds of companies. The industry now employs between 400 to 500 people, about one-tenth of the figure at its height.

?It?s been a huge thing for us, absolutely huge,? Murdoch says. The reduction in the industry ?came at a time when many other things were happening ... including the recession? that hurt tourism, the largest single source of the economy.

The Obama administration agrees that a solution should benefit the Antiguan economy, but it has not said what that might be.

This is not the first time the US has dealt with a dispute involving royalties paid to artists. In 1999, it took the opposite position in a dispute brought by the European Commission ? arguing that the WTO was enforcing rules too strictly.

In that case, the Europeans argued ? successfully ? that small bars in the US should be required to pay the same royalties that larger venues pay for reproducing copyrighted music.

The two sides ultimately struck an agreement requiring a multimillion dollar annual payment from the US to the Europeans. It is unclear whether the US still abides by that agreement.

In the Antigua case, the US has pushed for the WTO to take a more active role in protecting intellectual property. That mirrors the position of the US government in dealing with such rights, Sellars says.

?I think that in the US, there is already a perception among Americans that the government is beholden to intellectual property holders,? he says. ?We?ve seen a bigger government role in protecting? the sector.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/jQDo8BTX6wk/Legal-piracy-Antigua-gets-OK-to-start-selling-copies-of-US-hit-movies-songs

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BlackBerry shares continue downward slide, one day after new phones debut

TORONTO - Shares in BlackBerry are continuing their downward slide a day after the smartphone pioneer debuted new product offerings to generally positive reviews.

The Waterloo, Ont., company's stock (TSX:RIM) was down almost eight per cent to $12.76 in the first 10 minutes of trading in Toronto.

The drop continued a loss in share value that began earlier this week ahead of the unveiling of the new BlackBerry Z10 and the BlackBerry Q10.

The Z10, a touchscreen model, will be available in Canadian stores next Tuesday, but not in the U.S. until March.

Analysts have noted the later release date for the U.S. market is exerting downward pressure on the stock.

The decline Monday and Tuesday was put down to profit-taking since BlackBerry shares had run up 50 per cent in January alone as of last Friday.

The BlackBerry Q10, which will have the physical keyboard beloved by the so-called CrackBerry crowd, will not be released until April. BlackBerry is the new corporate name of the company formerly known as Research In Motion.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blackberry-shares-continue-downward-slide-one-day-phones-150153558.html

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A positive family climate in adolescence is linked to marriage quality in adulthood

Jan. 31, 2013 ? Experiencing a positive family climate as a teenager may be connected to your relationships later in life, according to new research published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.

While research has demonstrated long-term effects of aggression and divorce across generations, the impact of a positive family climate has received less attention. Psychological scientist Robert Ackerman of the University of Texas at Dallas and colleagues wanted to examine whether positive interpersonal behaviors in families might also have long-lasting associations with future relationships.

The researchers examined longitudinal data from individuals participating in the Iowa Youth and Families Project. Family interactions were assessed when the participants were in 7th grade. The interactions were coded for five indicators of positive engagement: listener responsiveness, assertiveness, prosocial behavior, effective communication, and warmth-support.

Participants who showed and experienced more positive engagement in their families showed more positive engagement in their marriages 17 years later. Interestingly, their spouses also showed more positive engagement. Participants who came from families that expressed more positive engagement also expressed less hostility toward their spouses, and their spouses displayed less hostile behavior toward them.

Greater levels of positive engagement at the family level in adolescence also predicted more relationship satisfaction for both partners.

At a basic level, the findings suggest a link between the family climate in adolescence and marriage quality later in life. The fact that these effects seemed to extend to participants' spouses was especially interesting.

"Perhaps one of the most striking results from this work was that the quality of one marital partner's family climate during adolescence was associated with marital outcomes for the other partner," the researchers observe.

Family dynamics could foster a supportive style of interacting that elicits similar behavior from a spouse down the road; but it could also be that individuals who grew up in families with a positive and warm climate actively seek out partners who provide a similar relationship environment. The researchers speculate that both mechanisms may be at work.

Ultimately, these results are consistent with the Development of Early Adult Romantic Relationships (DEARR) model, suggesting that early family experiences are linked to the development of a person's relationship style into adulthood.

Co-authors on the study include Deborah A. Kashy and M. Brent Donnellan of Michigan State University, Tricia Neppl and Fredrick O. Lorenz of Iowa State University, and Rand D. Conger of the University of California, Davis.

The analyses reported here were supported by Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Grant HD064687.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Association for Psychological Science.

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Journal Reference:

  1. R. A. Ackerman, D. A. Kashy, M. B. Donnellan, T. Neppl, F. O. Lorenz, R. D. Conger. The Interpersonal Legacy of a Positive Family Climate in Adolescence. Psychological Science, 2013; DOI: 10.1177/0956797612447818

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/EXlw3ZKXKOw/130131120910.htm

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Conservative Investments For Retirement | Bankrate.com

Don TaylorDear Retirement Adviser,
I would like to begin investing money to use in retirement. I want to be conservative with these investments, and I don't know where to begin. Any advice on retirement investing would be appreciated.

Thank you,
-- Yvette Yields

Dear Yvette,
Your choice of investments will depend on your investment goals, your investment horizon, your attitude toward risk and your need for liquidity.

If you're saving for retirement, you should consider a tax-advantaged retirement account such as a Roth or traditional individual retirement account, your company's 401(k), and 403(b) plans. Also, find out if your employer offers matching contributions when you participate in its retirement plan. If so, that's where your investment should start.

Conservative investors are usually worried about putting their principal at risk -- a wise concern if you're nearing retirement. If that's the case for you, you may want to try some low-risk investments. For example, there are insured deposits with a bank or credit union. You could try savings bonds or U.S. government marketable securities. While these marketable securities will fluctuate in value, you're guaranteed to receive the face value of the security at maturity.

There's another risk besides risk to principal, and that's purchasing-power risk. To increase your purchasing power in retirement, your investments must earn a yield higher than the rate of inflation. Series I savings bonds and Treasury inflation-protected securities, or TIPS, pay yields that are adjusted for inflation. But current purchases of the Series I savings bond don't pay a yield above the inflation rate, and most TIPS maturities have had their prices bid up to the point where buyers earn a yield that's less than inflation except in the longest (30-year) maturities.

You have many other options. A plan I've seen recently allows investors to buy fractional shares of stocks and exchange-traded funds, or ETFs. It also allows purchases of mutual funds with low commission rates and no account minimums. Its automatic investment program allows you to make regular contributions into your account. And it's not the only game in town when it comes to automatic investment plans.

While an imperfect substitute for professional financial advice, an asset-allocation calculator can help determine a starting point for your mix of investments. Finally, I'd suggest you don't limit yourself to CDs, savings bonds and U.S. Treasury securities. You should consider stocks as well.

Source: http://www.bankrate.com/finance/retirement/conservative-investments-for-retirement.aspx

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